{"id":36985,"date":"2024-08-06T04:44:33","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T04:44:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/?p=36985"},"modified":"2024-08-11T09:59:22","modified_gmt":"2024-08-11T09:59:22","slug":"comparative-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/comparative-study\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparative Study"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n

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\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 : \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 ) \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 ( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a ) .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a .<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\u0648\u0641\u0640\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 22 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u00a0 ” \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/em> ” . \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0646\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0646 ” …7- \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 …<\/em>” ([18]<\/a>) .<\/p>\n

\n

\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 3\/4\/1954 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 ” … 8-\u064a\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644<\/em> ” ([19]<\/a>) \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 .<\/p>\n

\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0641\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 ([20]<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0646\u062f\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0640\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b) .<\/p>\n

\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 – \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 9 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 2 \/ \u0623 ([29]<\/a>) – \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 .<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/u><\/p>\n

\n

\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 . \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 .<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

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<\/a>([1] ) \u062f . \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0642 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/u> \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u060c (\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u06357 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([2]) Claud-Albert Colliard , \u201cInstitutions Internationales<\/u>\u201d , 10 eme ed. , DALLOZ, (Paris , 1995) , P. 208 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([3] ) Paul TAVERNIER , Commentaire sur l\u2019art.27 de la charte de l\u2019ONU , Commentaire de la Charte de l\u2019ONU , article par article<\/u> , J.P. COT et autres , ed. ECONOMICA , 2eme ed. , (Paris , 1991) , p. 498 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([4] ) \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c “\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a 3\/5\/1949” \u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a \u060c “\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a <\/u>\u00a0\u00a0\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 39 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1982) \u060c\u00a0 \u0635 97 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([5] ) Le Secretaire General de l\u2019OTAN est en meme temps president du Conseil de l\u2019Atlantique Nord ; quant a celui de l\u2019OCDE , il preside egalement le Conseil de l\u2019Organisation , mais lorsque celui-ci ne se reunit pas au niveau ministeriel . Le Directeur executif de l\u2019Organisation internationale du cacao peut reunirle Conseil en cas d\u2019urgence . Le Directeur general de l\u2019OMPI peut proposer des modification de la convention de base . Le Directeur de l\u2019Institut international du froid peut recevoir delegation d\u2019une partie des pouvoirs du Comite de direction ou du Comite executif . N\u2019oublions pas , enfin , les pouvoirs de decision propres devolus a la commission de la CEE par l\u2019art. 155 du Traite de Rome .<\/p>\n

Andre LEWIN \u201cLes Hautes Fonctions Internationales\u201d<\/u> , Colloque d\u2019AIX-EN-PROVENCE , Les Agents Internationaux , Societe Francaise pour le Droit International , ed. A. PEDONE , (Paris , 1985) , p. 69 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([6] ) \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a” \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u064a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/u>” \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1971) \u060c \u0635 1111 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([7] ) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([8] ) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 :<\/p>\n

\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 \u0635113-114 .<\/p>\n

\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u0635487 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([9] ) Marie-Claude SMOUTS , \u201ccommentaire sur l\u2019art. 99\u201d , Commentaire de la Charte des Nations Unies , Article par Article <\/u>, sous la direction de Jean-Pierre COT et Alain PELLET , ed. ECONOMICA , (Paris , 1991) , P. 1327.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[10] ( \u201cTo bring the attention of the Security Council any matter (not merely any dispute or situation) wich in the opinion of the Secretary General , may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security\u201d .<\/p>\n

Roberto Lavalle , \u201cThe Inherent powers of the Secretary-General in the Political Sphere : A Legal Analysis\u201d , Netherlands International Law Review <\/u>, Vol. XXXVII ,\u00a0 (Netherlands , 1990) , p. 25 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([11] ) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 7559 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 5 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1997 \u060c \u063526 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([12] )\u00a0 \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0640\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/u> ” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990) \u060c \u0635 514 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([13] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0640\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/u> ” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990) \u060c \u0635 515 .<\/p>\n

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<\/a>([14] ) \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 687\/1991 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 ” 2- \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 4 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1963 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 7063 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u060c 1964 .<\/p>\n

3- \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 S\/22412 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f ” .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([15] ) \u201cRequest the Secretary General to designate a Special Representative to proceed to the Middle East to establish and maintain contacts withe the States concerned in order to promote agreement and assist efforts to achieve a peaceful and accepted settlement in accordance with the provisions and principles in this resolution\u201d.<\/p>\n

U.N Security Council resolution 242 , November 22 , 1967.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([16] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c 3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/u> ” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u0635 511 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([17] ) \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a 3\/8\/1990 \u060c ” \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1990 \u0627\u0644\u0649 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1991 “<\/u> \u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1991 \u060c \u0635 523 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([18] ) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 10\/8\/1990 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 529 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([19] ) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0642753\/\u062f\u0639 21\/\u062c2-3\/4\/1954 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([20] ) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1996 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([21]) \u201cLes competences implicites seront donc des competences qui ne sont pas expressement donnees…mais dont l\u2019existence se deduit naturellement des termes de ces actes internationaux.\u201d<\/p>\n

BERNARD ROUYER-HAMERAY , \u201cLes Competences Implicites Des Organisations Internationale\u201d<\/u> , L.G.D.J , (Paris , 1962) , \u00fdP. 3.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([22] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a “<\/u> \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990) \u060c \u0635 517 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0)[23] ( AL-ANZI Eisa , \u201cLe Reglement pacifique des differends aux plans International ( Organisation des Nations Unies) et Regional (Ligue des Etats Arabes et Conseil de Cooperation du Golfe)\u201d<\/u> , these de Doctorat , (Univ. de Rennes I , 1995) , p. 172 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([24] ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a 9\/3\/1970 \u060c \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a 20\/3\/1970 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([25] ) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c ” \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 ” \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/u> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 7 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1976) \u060c \u0635 235 – 241 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([26] ) \u00a0An sujet du conflit entre Liban et la Republique Arabe Unie \u201cUne resolution adoptee par l\u2019Assemblee General en date du 21 aout 1958 , appelee resolution arabe , dans laquelle est expressement declaree l\u2019obligation de recourir a la Ligue des Etats Arabes , toutes les fois qu\u2019il en est besoin , pour liquider des differends eventuels entre ses membres , avant de recourir aux Nations Unies…Une tradition solidement etablie par laquelle le Conseil de Securite et l\u2019Assemblee General s\u2019abstiennent d\u2019examiner n\u2019importe quelle plainte qui leur serait soumise par l\u2019un des Etats Arabes contre un autre Etats Arabe avant qu\u2019il ne soit etabli que cette plainte a ete soumise et examinee par le Conseil de la Ligue et que celui-ci n\u2019a pas reussi a trouver une solution au differend qui l\u2019a determinee. Cela exige , pratiquement , que chaque plainte arabe soumise aux Nations Unies soit accompagniee d\u2019un rapport du Secretaire General de la Ligue des Etats Arabes sur les mesures qui ont ete prises par la Ligue pour son reglement et les resultats auxquels ces mesures ont abouti\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ahmed Moussa , \u201cRapports entre les Nations Unies et la Ligue des Etats Arabes\u201d , Revue Egyptienne de Droit International<\/u> , Vol.29 , (le Caire , 1973) , pp. 120-121.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[27]) ALI Ridah HASHIM , \u201cLa Ligue des Etats Arabes et le Reglement Pacifique des differends inter-Arabes<\/u>\u201d , These de Doc. , (Univ. Montpellier I , 1984), p. 101 .<\/p>\n

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<\/a>([28] ) “\u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629” .<\/p>\n

\u064275\/\u062f \u063a \u0639 4\/\u062c7-12\/6\/1946 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 : 1 – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 : 22 \u060c 4\/6\/1945 -11\/12\/1954 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u060c 1988) \u060c \u0635 108 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([29] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 9 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 2 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 ” … \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 : (\u0623) \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 … ” .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([30]) Serge Sur , Jean Combacau , Hubert Thierry et Charles Vallee , \u201cDroit International Public<\/u>\u201d , ed. Montchrestien , (Paris , 1986) , P. 549 .<\/p>\n

\n

\u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c ” \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 “<\/u> \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1977) \u060c \u0635 73 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([31] ) Di Qual \u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a”<\/u> \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990) \u060c \u0635 518 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([32] ) \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1960 \u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0648 – \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\/\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0628\u0627 – \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0648 – \u0628\u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 – \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 . \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\/\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 .<\/p>\n

Michel Virally , \u201cLes Nations Unies et l\u2019Affaire du CONGO\u201d , AFDI<\/u> , (Paris , 1960) , p .585 – 586 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([33] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0640\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a”<\/u> \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990) \u060c \u0635 516 – 517 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([34]) Claud-Albert Colliard , \u201cInstitutions des relations internationales\u201d<\/u> , 9eme ed. , DALLOZ , (Paris , 1990) , p. 409 – 410 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([35] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990)\u060c \u0635 517 .<\/p>\n

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<\/a>)[36] ( Michel Virally , \u201cLes Nations Unies et les affaires du Congo en 1960\u201d , AFDI<\/u> , (Paris , 1960) , p.584.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([37] ) \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 – \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 – \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 . \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 12 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 2 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “…2-\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649…”. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 11 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 11 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “…\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f – \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 – \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629” .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([38] ) \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 99 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062e\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0647 . \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u064a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645” \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1971)\u060c \u0635 645 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([39] ) Oscar Schachter and Christopher C. Joyner , \u201cUnited Nations Legal Order\u201d , Vol. 2 , ASIL<\/u> , (CAMBRIDGE Univ. , 1995) , P. 1063 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([40] )Marie-Claude SMOUTS , \u201ccommentaire sur l\u2019art.99\u201d , sous la direction de Jean-Pierre COT et autres ,op. cit. , P .1330 – 1332 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[41]) Andre LEWIN \u201cLes Hautes Fonctions Internationales\u201d , Colloque d\u2019AIX-EN-PROVENCE , Les Agents Internationaux<\/u> , Societe Francaise pour le Droit International , ed. A. PEDONE , (Paris , 1985) , p. 68 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([42] ) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 “Chancellor” .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \/ \u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1930 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 6 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629) .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u062a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629”<\/u> \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1973) \u060c \u0635 20 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([43] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c ” \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 “<\/u> \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1977) \u060c \u0635 \u0635140 – 141 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([44] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 65 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([45] ) \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 \u0635 65- 66 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([46] ) \u062f . \u0639\u0640\u0640\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/u> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 104 \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1991) \u060c \u0635 55 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([47] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 109 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “1-\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 . \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 .<\/p>\n

2-\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3-\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0628\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646”.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([48] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 163 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d ” .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([49] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 19 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 . \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 ” .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([50] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 20 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “1-\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 .<\/p>\n

2-\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 .<\/p>\n

3-\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 ” .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([51] ) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([52] ) \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([53] ) The Secretary-General is universally accepted as an intrmediary between states , though how and when he should step in is often a matter of controversy .<\/p>\n

Brian Urquhart , \u201dThe U.N.\u2019s Crucial Choice\u201d , Foreign Policy , 09-01-1991 , Copyrights 1991 , by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace , http:\/\/www.globalpolicy.org:80\/newyrkr.html.com. , p. 2 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([54] ) TABRIZI BENSALAH , \u201cLes Organisations Regionales du Monde Arabe\u201d , Annuaire de Tiers Monde<\/u> , (Paris , 1977) , p.438 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([55] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 84 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([56] ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 15\/7\/1990 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 18\/7\/1990 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 21\/7\/1990 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a .<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 21\/7\/1990 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u062f.\u062a .<\/p>\n

” \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1990 \u0627\u0644\u0649 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1991 “<\/u> \u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1991) \u060c \u0635 \u0635 503 -520 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([57] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 178 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([58]) Georges FISCHER , \u201cLes Competences du Secretaire General\u201d , AFDI<\/u> , (Paris , 1955) , p. 345 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[59] ( \u201cRequest the Secretary General to designate a Special Representative to proceed to the Middle East to establish and maintain contacts with the States concerned in order to promote agreement and assist efforts to achieve a peaceful and accepted settlement in accordance with the provisions and principles in this resolution\u201d.<\/p>\n

U.N Security Council resolution 242 , November 22 , 1967.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

)[60] ( Brigitte STERNE , \u201ccommentaire sur l\u2019art.36\u201d , sous la direction de Jean-Pierre COT et autres , \u201cLa Charte des Nations Unies\u201d , commentaire article par article<\/u> , P. 616 .<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 :<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c 3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/u> ” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u0635 511 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([61] ) \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 . \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 242 \u0648 338.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u060c “\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/u>” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1968) \u060c \u0635 138 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([62] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c 3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/u> ” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u0635 511 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[63]) \u201cRequested the Secretary-General to lend his good offices for achieving the object of the Council\u2019s resolution – no.461\/1979. The Secretary-General visited Tehran on 1-3 January , and reported to the Security Council on 6 January . On 20 February\u00a0 1980 the Secretary-General announced the setting up of a commission to undertak a fact-finding mission to Iran\u201d.<\/p>\n

Diplomatic and Consular Staff Judgement , ICJ<\/u> , (La Haye , 1980) , p.16.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([64]) \u201cThe States concerned must be encouraged to seek a solution in order to avoid a further deterioration of the situation between them . To close the apparent abyss , to dispel the tension and the mistrust , only patient and wise action -mediation , conciliation or good offices – should be resorted to . The role of the Secretary-General of the United Nations may here be the key\u201d<\/p>\n

Diplomatic and Consular Staff Judgement , ICJ<\/u> , La Haye , 1980 , p.49.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([65] ) QUOC DINH Nguyen et autres , \u201cDroit International Public\u201d<\/u> , 5eme ed. , LGDJ , (paris , 1994) , p. 694 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([66] ) \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/u> \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c 1993) \u060c \u0635 61 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([67] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 \u0635 99 – 102 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([68] ) \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646” \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f27 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c 10 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1984 \u060c \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0631\u0642\u0645 82 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[69]) Roberto Lavalle , \u201cThe Inherent powers of the Secretary-General in the Political Sphere : A Legal Analysis\u201d , Netherlands International Law Review <\/u>, Vol.XXXVII , (Netherlands , 1990) , p.23.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([70] ) \u062f . \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 “<\/u> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1995) \u060c \u0635 633 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>\u00a0([71] ) TABRIZI BENSALAH , op. cit. , p. 438 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([72] ) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2961 – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646 – \u0641\u064a 13\/9\/1972 .<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a 8 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 . \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 . \u0648\u0641\u064a 13 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 . \u0648\u0641\u064a 21\/5\/1958 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 :<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635\u00a0 67 – 81 .<\/p>\n

\n

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<\/a>([75] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c\u00a0 ” \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 “<\/u> \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1977) \u060c \u0635 70 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([76] ) S. C. O. R. , 13 th year Supplement for October and December 1958 , p . 647 .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a ” \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644…” \u0635 77 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([77] ) \u062f . \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 96 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([78]) Le Secretaire General a delegue ses pouvoirs a M. Winspeare Guicciardi , son representant special\u00a0 , qui a pu tres librement fixer les conditions de l\u2019option et presenter directement un rapport au Conseil de Securite qui devait l\u2019approuver le 14 fevrier 1972 .<\/p>\n

Jurisclasseur de Droit international <\/u>, Organisation des Nations Unies , l\u2019appareil institutionnel de l\u2019ONU , Fascicule 121 – 4 , 3, (Paris , 1986) , p. 2 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([79] ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635 172 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([80] ) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([81] ( Jean Pierre COT , op. cit., p. 1319 – 1320 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([82] ) JAVIER PEREZ DE CUELLAR , \u201cRapport du Secretaire General sur l\u2019activite de l\u2019Organization<\/u>\u201d , 1991 , (New-York , 1991) .<\/p>\n

Boutros Boutros-Ghali , Secretaire General de l\u2019Organisation des Nations Unies \u201cRapport sur l\u2019activite de l\u2019Organisation de la quarante-sixieme a la quarante-septieme session de l\u2019Assemblee General<\/u>\u201d Sept.1992 , (New-York , 1992) .<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c “\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 1995<\/u>” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u060c 1995) .<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/u>” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u060c 1996) .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([83]) Boutros Boutros-Ghali , \u201cAn Agenda for Peace<\/u>\u201d , United Nations , (New-York , 1992) .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([84] ) \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c “\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/u>” \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u060c 1995) .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([85] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a “\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645…”<\/p>\n

<\/a>([86] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627”.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([87] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “…2- \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 :<\/p>\n

\u0623-\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647…”.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([88] ) \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 7\/5\/1996 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 S\/1996\/337 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 . \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a 22\/6\/1997 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([89] ) \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([90]) The Secretary-General or his representative may participate with voice but without a vote in all meetings of the Organization .<\/p>\n

HUGO CAMINOS AND ROBERTO LAVALLE , \u201cCURRENT DEVELOPMENTS\u201d, AJIL<\/u> , American Society of International Law , Vol. 83 , no.2 , April , 1989 , p.396.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([91] ) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062f.\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u060c “\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/u> \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1965) \u060c \u0635117.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([92] ) \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f.\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 : “\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647”.<\/p>\n

\u062f.\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/u>” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u062f.\u0646 \u060c (\u062f.\u0645 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u0635209.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[93] ( Samaan Boutros Farajallah , \u201c Le Conseil de Cooperation des Etats Arabes du Golfe \u201d , RCADI<\/u> , Tome 228 , III , (LA HAYE , 1991) , p.\u00a0 59 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([94] ) \u0623\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 1992 .<\/p>\n

<\/a>([95] ) \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1965 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u063a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([96] ) \u062f.\u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063589 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([97] ) \u201cABC des Nations Unies\u201d<\/u> , departement de l\u2019information de l\u2019ONU , (New York , 1995) , P.27.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([98] ) \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0644\u062d\u064a \u060c ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c 2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c 3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/u> ” \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1989) \u060c \u0635 510 .<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([99] ) ABC des Nations Unies , op. cit. , PP.33-131.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>([100] ) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 727 \u0648 743\/1992.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([101] ) \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 5 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0626\u0630 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u064b .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621”.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([102] ) \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0646\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u062a \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629”<\/u> \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1973) \u060c \u0635393.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([103] ) \u062f.\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629”<\/u> \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1970) \u060c \u0635 358.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([104] ) \u06421777\/\u062f\u063935\/\u062c8-20\/7\/1961 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a :<\/p>\n

“\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a :<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b-(\u0623) \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/p>\n

(\u0628) \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n

(\u062c) \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b – (\u0623) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

(\u0628) \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b- \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630”.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>)[105]) Guy FEUER , \u201cLa Force Arabe de Securite Au Liban\u201d , AFDI<\/u> , (Paris , 1976) , PP.51-61.<\/p>\n

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\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649..<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,35,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-corporate","category-international-cases","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36985"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36997,"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36985\/revisions\/36997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/methqal.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}